Ethical Relativism: Refers to a majority society/culture creating the societal norms, that the remaining portion of the society will follow (regardless if it’s morally right or wrong)
Categorical Imperative: (in Kantian ethics) an unconditional moral obligation which is binding in all circumstances and is not dependent on a person’s inclination or purpose. (Oxford)
Hypothetical Imperative: is a command that also applies to us in virtue of our having a rational will, but not simply in virtue of this. It requires us to exercise our wills in a certain way given we have antecedently willed an end. (Stanford)
Ethical Relativism: is the theory that holds that morality is relative to the norms of one’s culture. (Scusd.edu)
Ethics of Care: A perspective on moral issues that emphasize close personal relationships and moral virtues such as compassion, love, and sympathy
Feminist Ethics: An approach to ethics focused on women’s interests and experiences and devoted to supporting the moral equality of women and men
Impartiality: Equal treatment of all rivals or disputants; fairness (Oxford)
Virtue Ethics: identified as the one that emphasizes the virtues, or moral character, in contrast to the approach that emphasizes duties or rules (deontology) or that emphasizes the consequences of actions (consequentialism). (Stanford)
Feminist Ethics: “to understand, criticize, and correct” how gender operates within our moral beliefs and practices (Lindemann 2005, 11) and our methodological approaches to ethical theory. (Stanford)
Utilitarianism: the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority. (Oxford)
Perfect Duties: is one which one must always do (Philosophy Exchange)
Imperfect Duties: which one must not ignore but admits of multiple means of fulfillment. (Philosophy Exchange)
Good Will: o act out of a sense of moral obligation or “duty” (Lyneo.edu)
Universal Law: Act only according to that maxim by which you can (Harvard)
Greatest Happiness Principle: holds that the more pleasure and the least pain an action causes, the better it is morally. (Oreganstate.edu)
The Four Noble Truths:
- The truth of suffering (Dukkha)
- The truth of the origin of suffering (Samudāya)
- The truth of the cessation of suffering (Nirodha)
- The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering (Magga) (BBC)
Rejection of Impartiality: feminist philosophers argue that impartiality is too general
Suspicion of moral principles: feminist philosophers resist the temptation to map out moral actions according to moral principles
An emphasis on personal relationships: Feminist philosophers believe that personal relationships shape an individual along with their morals
Respect for Emotions: Feminist ethics is comfortable with moral guides in the form of virtues rather than rules, and the cornerstones of ethics of care are not rules but feelings.
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